Logical and Physical Network Design Free Essays

Presentation This paper presents a short outline of what goes into a Service Level Agreement (SLA) contract. It additionally presents a case of one. Substance This distribution contains the accompanying subjects: Topic Why Have Service Level Agreements? Agreement Areas to Consider Contract Components Example Of A Service Level Agreement Contract See Page 2 3 6 8 - 1-Why Have Service Level Agreements? Method of reasoning SLAs are basic towards formalizing desires around administrations with end clients and clients. We will compose a custom article test on Legitimate and Physical Network Design or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now Without these, client desires will expect that everything will be conveyed and accessible at a 100% level constantly. Next to no should be possible about poor assistance when there is no definition what great help is. Goals ought to be set that portray things, for example, reaction times, accessibility, turnaround and precision. Clients and IT ought to focus on a commonly adequate methods for checking consistence with administration targets and concur on moves that must make place when special cases happen. Key Goals Key objectives of undertaking formalized help plans are as per the following: †¢ Allow for IT to comprehend client support necessities. †¢ Control client desires for levels of administration to be conveyed. Take into consideration away from of needs when dealing with administration issues. - 2-Contract Areas to Consider Overview The accompanying segment presents various key zones to consider when building SLA Contract archives. Level of Formalization Service levels may run from a formalized agreement that is closed down by delegate client divisions to casual â€Å"known† levels inner to IT works. IT ought to know which level of formalization is suitable. Capacity to Meet Service Targets IT ought to guarantee that archived degrees of administration can in reality be met. Targets ought to take into account a scope possibility to cover periodic issues or log jams to happen without imperiling targets. Inside ITIL, Availability Management should audit arranged targets and give direction with regards to what levels might be proper given current IT abilities. Necessities for new abilities ought to be featured to the executives to decide if to put resources into them or not. Control of Customer Expectations Targets ought to be conveyed to clients in wording that make them unmistakably comprehended from their point of view. This advances a decent degree of comprehension and participation when administration issues do happen. Dealing with SLA Contract Changes Processes ought to be set up to deal with changes in administration necessities. Clients may wish to haggle better assistance levels, include new capacities that require new degrees of administration or occasionally restore current levels. These ought to be haggled through a Service Level Manager and handled by means of Change Management. Number of SLA Contracts Less is better, more incredibly expands the executives overhead to report and oversee. It might be resolved to have a solitary agreement for all offices versus various help contracts for various offices. Another structure might be to have a base understanding that covers everybody as a default with a constrained arrangement of superseding contracts for one of a kind needs. Proceeded next page - 3-Contract Areas to Consider, Continued Types of Service Targets to Be Included The sorts of administration focuses to be given ought to be distinguished in the administration level agreement. Instances of sorts of administration targets incorporate things, for example, †¢ Response Times †¢ Availability Windows †¢ Equipment Service And Repair Times †¢ Technical Support Response and Level †¢ Report Or Other Media Delivery †¢ Security Access †¢ Data Retention and Backup Requirements Deciding Customer Services It will be important to distinguish what basic client remaining burdens are. From this a particular help level can be determined. Outstanding tasks at hand can be characterized as at least one client works that require administration from IT. Instances of these might incorporate things, for example, †¢ Processing understanding records in a medical clinic. †¢ Entering orders from clients on a telephone. †¢ Accessing E-Mail. †¢ Retrieving and making updates. Every one of the above have a related degree of administration that permits that capacity to be practiced effectively. This level may incorporate accessibility of administration to that work. (I. ; E-Mail will be accessible from 8AM to 9PM on weekdays). It may likewise incorporate a degree of reaction. (I. e; Order Entry exchanges on a terminal must give a reaction time under 5 seconds 85% of the time). Most associations have thought that it was useful to actualize an ITIL Service Catalog to all the more likely characterize what these administrations are. With this, the SLA agreement would just need to reference those administration portrayals. The Catalog can likewise serve to incorporate these definitions in a single spot. Numerous Targets For Services It might wanted to give or arrange various help levels for a solitary client care. A case of this may be arranging a lower reaction time for top hours of the day and a higher reaction time at different hours. Another model may be arrangement of high accessibility all the time yet explicit capacities or documents might be inaccessible at specific times. Proceeded next page - 4-Contract Areas to Consider, Continued Resolution of Service Disputes It might be wanted to set up a procedure that decently recognizes goals to issues or mistaken assumptions in administration desires. This might be a board of trustees of delegate Customer and IT work force without an immediate enthusiasm for the issues being talked about. Operational Level Agreements and Underpinning Contracts In a situation where the administration to be conveyed is given by various divisions, associations or outside merchants, administration limits must be unmistakably characterized. This distinguishes where duties lie and what sorts of administrations must be conveyed by each help conveyance substance. A case of this may incorporate a customer/server architected application where end client reaction time administration comprises of both centralized server preparing and server/front-end handling. In the event that these two segments are overseen by ifferent associations, at that point every association should set up an operational level understanding. For instance of the abovementioned, centralized server reaction time targets will be under 5 seconds 85% of the time, server preparing will be under 3 seconds 80% of the time. This would bring about the real assistance level to the client of a reaction time under 8 seconds 80% of the time. Administration Targets Must Be Reportable Any help level that is set must have the option to be enough written about. It is futile to build up an assistance level for which checking information can't be gathered. The operational endeavors and costs engaged with observing and providing details regarding any given help level ought to be considered when that level is set. - 5-Contract Components Overview A Service Level Contract is a key part of a formalized assistance level understanding procedure. Key parts of this archive are portrayed in this segment. Agreement Dates Starting and completion dates that the agreement is to be in power. On the off chance that consummation dates are indicated, new assistance level understandings may must be made for tasks or divisions that work past the end dates. Agreement Numbers These might be essential if arranging various agreements. They just recognize explicit agreements. Client Identification Identifying data that depicts the gathering of clients who are incorporated inside the extent of the agreement. Request Periods It is useful to distinguish timeframes in which kinds of utilization are probably going to set the best assistance expectations for handling assets. A few targets may vary contingent upon request periods. For instance, an E-Mail administration may have a lesser objective for reaction time during the beginning of work when most representatives recover their messages. There might be a higher objective for more slow periods later in the day. Venture or Departmental Description A short depiction of the office or undertaking to be adjusted. This may incorporate its principle reason or business capacity and how preparing bolsters the objectives of that substance. Expected Service Requirements A depiction in away from terms of the administration level focuses to be conveyed by IT to help the department(s) or project(s) secured by the administration contract. These ought to be ready to go terms and from the client point of view however much as could reasonably be expected. Proceeded next page - 6- Agreement Components, Continued Service Assumptions If required, this segment can be incorporated to portray any assistance suspicions used to help the administration levels being conveyed. Models may include: †¢ A set number of client clients not to be surpassed †¢ Specific IT limits that may bring about extra expenses whenever surpassed †¢ Allowances for unique times, week, month or year Target Calculations Methodologies or estimations used to decide administration desires ought to be archived. The reason for existing is to plainly state how administration levels might be determined, estimated and given an account of. IT Charging Costs Any presumptions or expected expenses of conveying the administration ought to likewise be reported. Assurance of expenses is supported by the Capacity Planning and Financial Management forms. Now and again, it might be important to incorporate an example charging bill. Agreement Maintenance This segment ought to depict the conditions under which the agreement ought to be changed. It ought to recognize who is answerable for writing about the nature of administration conveyed and how administration debates might be settled. Agreement Responsibilities This segment ought to distinguish associations or work force liable for help exercises identified with Contract Maintenance, Service Level Reporting, Service Level Dispute Resolution and Renegotiation of Service Levels. Signatu

False Memory Essay -- distorted memory, fabricated recollections

Memory is one of the most basic pieces of perception. It is significant on the grounds that it is associated with pretty much every part of insight including critical thinking, dynamic, consideration, and recognition. On account of this significance, individuals depend on one’s memory to settle on significant choices. The estimation of one’s memory in this general public is high to such an extent that it is utilized as proof to either spare one’s life or execute one’s life during murder preliminaries. Be that as it may, the same number of the subjective clinicians know, human’s memory can cause numerous blunders. One of these blunders is bogus memory which is either recollecting occasions that never occurred or recalling occasions uniquely in contrast to the real occasion. This finding of bogus memory raised enormous interests among therapists and overall population and numerous explores were done so as to discover increasingly about the bogus memor y. The productive way to deal with memory, which expresses that memory is developed by individual dependent on what truly occurred notwithstanding person’s other information, encounters, and desires, underpins the possibility of bogus memory. Much the same as what productive way to deal with memory expresses, the bogus memory can be made by person’s information, normal predispositions, and recommendations. The current examination was done so as to exhibit one procedure that predispositions individuals to make and review bogus recollections. The current examination depends on Deese’s try in 1959 and furthermore on Roediger and McDermott’s test in 1995. The members will be given grouping of words outwardly, and afterward they would need to order a lot of words as either in the succession or not in the arrangement. Our theory is that individuals will make bogus recollections and review distractor words that are identified with the grouping of words introduce d altogether m... ...re I think if the members don't know about it, the bogus review rate will increment. What's more, if there are more words introduced, my accept that will be that it will expand the bogus review rate. We can suggest this finding of bogus memory from multiple points of view in our lives. We as a whole should take note of that our memory can't be believed 100% and we ought not exclusively depend on our memory with regards to settling on basic choices. Much the same as the homicide preliminary model utilized in before, with regards to eye seeing, the adjudicator should consider conceivable bogus memory when settling on an official choices and attempt to acquire target proof alongside the memory of the observer. Works Cited Roediger, H. L. III, and McDermott, K. B. (1995). Making bogus recollections: Remembering words not introduced in records. Diary of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21, 803-814

Round here we stay up very, very late

Round here we stay up very, very late Last day of lab Friday was my last day at my UROP lab after three years of research. I cried. Thankfully, I didnt cry until after I got outside and had said all my goodbyes and everything. You know how theres no crying in baseball? Well, theres no crying in science either. Unfortunately for me, I am a hopeless sap, so the best I can hope for is not crying in front of people. On Thursday, my postdoc took me out to lunch near campus, and we talked about the past three years (after working together for such a long time, you have lots of stories), about graduate school, and about careers in science. He gave me a lot of good advice about picking a thesis lab, and about planning my career trajectory in general and he gave me two books to read at the beach next week. By my count, I spent about 3000 hours in the lab over the course of three summers, three IAPs, and six semesters. I went into lab during blizzards (winter 2005), heat waves (summer 2004), weekends (uh, pretty much every weekend since 2005), holidays (in 2004, July 4 was the first holiday I took off), mornings (7 AM every Wednesday this summer), nights (until 2 AM one Friday night in spring 2005), and a lot of times in between. I guess Im a little bit of a workaholic. But it was totally worth it. Why it rocks to go to MIT for college, reason #65932 Adam, my beautiful curly-haired rocket scientist better half, is applying to grad schools this year. He had been a little nervous about applying (arent we all?), especially because me picking Harvard for grad school effectively meant hed have to get into MITs aero/astro masters program. Well, he was talking with his UROP supervisor last week, and his supervisor casually mentioned that he has a project that hed really like Adam to take on for his masters degree. So basically, Adams going to get into MIT if you have a professor who already wants you specifically in his lab when you apply, thats grad school gold. He still has to take the GRE and write a statement of purpose and all that stuff, but it means he doesnt really have to worry about getting in anymore. Hooray! Concertgoing Last night Adam and I ventured south to the Tweeter Center to see the Counting Crows and the Goo Goo Dolls. If you stranded me on a desert island and forced me to pick two bands to listen to for the rest of eternity, those are totally the two Id pick, so I was ridiculously psyched to hear that a) they were touring together, and b) they were coming to Boston. The concert was *amazing*. Thats really all Im going to say, since this blogs title is not The Counting Crows are Life: The Rest is Just Chemistry and Physics. But I totally rocked out and danced around doing awkward white girl dances and had a blast. (And then, for the record, it took two hours for Adam and me to get back to the city, partially because of concert traffic and partially because large chunks of the Big Dig were closed for repairs, bottlenecking traffic trying to get into the city. If youre coming out to Boston on a plane anytime soon, do yourself a favor and do not rent a car.) Questions 1. Meg asked, do you think its a good idea to jump into harder courses right away or do you think its better to just start w/ the easier ones (like calc I and intro to bio) to get a feel for what mit classes are like? Also, what are the math requirements, beyond GIRs, for majoring in bio? Deciding whether to use AP credit or not is a decision that everybody approaches differently some people just take the credit and run, and some prefer to start out in classes in which they have a stronger footing. For my part, Id advise you to take the credit, but only as long as you feel comfortable with the background you have. Biology at MIT doesnt require any math classes past 18.02 (although a lot of people take 18.03), so it should be fine for you to skip 18.01 and 18.02 as long as you still remember how to integrate youll need 18.02 knowledge for 5.60 (thermo and kinetics). Skipping 7.01x should be fine also a lot of people do it although I wouldnt really be in favor of taking 7.03 as a freshman. Youd be better off taking chemistry as a first-term freshman than trying to jump into the biology core. (If you have any other questions, feel free to email!) 2. Sulinya asked, Hey Mollie, how long does it usually take to do a Ph.D. program? Like how long is your Harvard one? It really depends on the student and how well his or her research is going some people get a project that gives them immediate results, but other people hit snags along the way which delay their graduation. Since getting your PhD depends almost entirely on your research progress, some people graduate after four years, and some people graduate after seven or eight. The average in most of the programs is around five and a half years, but theres a pretty big standard deviation! 3. Katie asked, How did you get the 6-week internship you did the summer after your freshman year? Well, the full story is here. The QD version is that I emailed a bunch of NIH PIs expressing interest in their work, and one of them passed my name onto a postdoc who picked me to work with him. Melis also has some tips on getting one of those NIH internships here; you have to fill out an online application and get some letters of recommendation, too. 4. Sylvia asked, Hi. I read that pets are allowed in the dorms. Which pets exactly are allowed and how common do you see others with them? Officially: Pets are only allowed in EC, Random, Bexley, and Senior House, and the only allowed pets are cats. Some parts/floors of those three dorms have cats, and some dont; pet policies are collected here. Unofficially: Even though pets arent allowed in dorms other than the ones named above, I know a lot of animals that live in non-pet dorms. Off the top of my head I can think of a turtle, two cats, two rabbits, a mouse, a tarantula, and a ferret and thats only among my friends. So yes, the only pets allowed in MIT dorms are cats. ;)

Home And Family Home - 1672 Words

Home and Family Home is where your heart is. It can be a one-room shack, apartment, house, or even a camp trailer. At one point everyone in their life have dreamed of having a place they can call home. Home sweet home. Being raised in a military home from 1961 to 1970 we lived in at least 10 different houses that we called at home, because we lived there as a family, when my dad died in 1975 our home was no longer a home but a house that we just cohabitated in. With the absence of our father the majority of the children became juvenile delinquents. Home is where a person can live, play, learn, cry and take refuge. It’s more than a place over your head, it is where memories are made, and hope was hopefully happy ones. It’s a place where a†¦show more content†¦They will feel welcomed and comfortable. The family will sooth each other’s hurts, quiet the worries, and share their dreams. When a family shares each other’s dreams, as they sit around the dining table, they will discuss on how they can make this dreams come to pass and if it should not come to pass the family will share in the disappointment together. Some people think that it’s the furniture and other stuff that makes a house a home, but the truth of the matter is, it’s the people that live in the house that makes it a home. The kids playing in the backyard, going about their daily business and the buzz of life, the noises that are being made by doing chores, the TV blaring, and even occasional argument that makes a hou se a home. It’s also the peace and quiet once all are settled down in the evening, the smell of a home-cooked meal cooking on the stove, stains in the carpet, the marks on the wall, the dirty dishes left in the sink, and the dirty clothes piled on the floor. That’s what makes a house a home. And if you were to ask my husband what make a family he would tell you and I quote â€Å"A family is a family when they pray and play together will also stay together as a family.† (Kenny) â€Å"A house and a home are not same. A house is a part of the material structure of society, whereas a home is made up by its residents. A house is a physical frame for its residents while at the same time the resident marks the

Remembrance is a Substantial Burden in the Book, The...

Remembrance; the mental impression on the brain from a certain event. Each soldier in the book, The Things They Carried, experiences some sort of remembrance whether it be saddening or enlightening. Remembrance is consistently perceived as the ability our brains have to go back and revisit moments in time which either disturb us, or give to us a feeling of pure happiness. Its mere sound provokes thought along with curiosity. Generally, when we are alone, surrounded by a nonchalant atmosphere, our brain swirls with thoughts, taking us back to significant moments in our lives. These moments are never forgotten, they are always there for some sort of reason. By means of these memories we can continue to learn from our mistakes and better our lifestyle. In Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried, he presents his view on remembrance. O’Brien doesn’t necessarily see remembrance in its materialistic form, he believes it is not about the act of remembering, but about the fact that one does not have the ability to forget these events, especially the events he had experienced. His perspective is that seeing a plethora of violent deaths in war, are moments which are utterly effortless to recall, however they may be extraordinarily difficult to bring up with someone else perhaps who does not really understand the intentions. â€Å"By telling stories, you objectify your own experience. You separate it from yourself. You pin down certain truths. You make up others. You start sometimes with an

Love to the Country Free Essays

Nationalism. Custom Nationalism Essay Writing Service || Nationalism Essay samples, help The concept of nationalism is quite complicated, and many scholars still debate about it in academic circles. Nationalism has been defined differently by scholars who have developed various schools of thought about it. We will write a custom essay sample on Love to the Country or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"Nationalism involves a proper classification of a group of people with a political unit stated in national terms†Ã‚  (Allan, 2004). It can also be explained as a unifying factor since it aims at uniting a group of people who share common social and cultural values. Many historians believe that nationalism began in the post medieval period in Europe. According to Kohn, nationalism began in 1642, while Acton believes that it started developing during the partition of Poland in 1772. However, Kedourie contends that it began in 1806 in Berlin. Many scholars believe that it originated during the French Revolution that took place in 1789. â€Å"This is because the French Revolution introduced the aspects of nationalist ideas, which were brewing up during the past two centuries†Ã‚  (Smith, 2001). Trevor Roper traces the origin of nationalism in Germany, and Hungary. From these territories, it was spread to Eastern and Southern Europe by intelligentsias. The idea of nationalism later spread to Asia and Africa. This paper seeks to discuss how nationalism led to European interest in both Africa and Asia. Nationalism became one of the major developments that took place during the period of 19thcentury. â€Å"During this period, nationalism was witnessed in various European territories such as Italy, Germany and France†Ã‚  (Allan, 2004). The 19th  century was also characterized by despotic regimes like Germany, which dominated international politics. In 1871, there was a significant development in Germany, which changed its role in world affairs. In this case, it became unified, and this made it more stable than before. Just like other freshly formed states, Germany increasingly became nationalistic, and it wanted to assert its self both politically and economically. In this case, Germany had to seek extra territories overseas. This condition was exacerbated by the fact that the German merchants wanted more commercial opportunities abroad. Hence, they encouraged their government to acquire more territories on their behalf. This trend prevailed among other European powers including Britain. France also found it necessary to engage in overseas expansion owing to the circumstances it had found itself in during the Franco Prussian War. Due to the humiliation it suffered during this war, France decided to replace its lost provinces by seeking territories overseas. Hence, France shifted its focus to Africa. For example, it occupied Egypt for sometime before the British it. On the other hand, Britain keenly examined these new developments, and it became concerned about the increased European activities in Asia and Africa. Thus, it went a head and established more territories in Asia and Africa. For instance, it annexed India due to its commercial potential. It then annexed Egypt and the East African Coast because they were strategic. Other than commercial interests, possession of many colonies was associated with pride and power. Consequently, many European powers strived to acquire many colonies in order to prove their political strength. Indeed, this was a significant aspect of nationalism during this time frame. Lastly, nationalism also coincided with industrial revolution, and this caused a great need for markets and investment opportunities in foreign territories. Conclusion The spread of nationalism did not stop at the end of 19th  century, but it continued even in the 20thcentury. Many African countries fought for self determination after the Second World War, and they mainly used the nationalist ideologies. Nationalism is still being practiced even at present. For example, a wave of nationalism recently emerged in Arab countries such as Egypt Yemen, Tunisia, and Libya. These revolutions clearly demonstrate that despotic regimes still exist, and many people are still fighting for nationalism even after achieving independence. Nationalism, therefore, remains one of the greatest developments that started in 19th  century. Love for one’s own country Loving one’s own country is closely associated with patriotism. Patriotism is a loyal feeling which one has about his own country. one must have a deep and passionate loyal feeling about his country. One of these feelings of one man in a country is upsurge and unhonoured. The feeling has kindled many dormant nations into actions. History is filled up with instances where patriotic people under able leadership have saved their land. Our father of nation Mahatma Gandhi bought for the freedom of our country with a burning patriotic zeal. One must take pride in the culture and beauty of one’s own country, the rivers, mountains, hills, valleys, deltas must inspire one’s patriotic feeling. He has to encourage the art and    trade of his country. He must support his country as his duty. He shall never do anything that would bring down the fair name and image of his country. In the present context of the world the narrow patriotism is nearly out moded. ountry however powerful or rich can stand isolated. The world is shining with the fast mode of communication and no country is too far away. The complex economy of the world has every country dependent on one another. Self-contained condition is only a thing of past, every culture today is what it has rowed from culture. No culture can boast of being pu re. so there is no meaning in narrow nationalisation . it is safe to conclude that fantastic patriotism is bad though loving ones country for beherment and good deals is a noble act. Being proud of India is not enough. Resolve to do something in your lifetime that India will be proud of How to cite Love to the Country, Essay examples

McDonald Failure - Business Problem In India - Get Free Sample

Question: Why or in which circumstances did western well-known business fail in India? Answer: Introduction: McDonalds is one of the greatest restaurants famous for serving fast food and hamburger. In around 119 countries around 68 million customers are served on a daily basis. There are a total of 35,000 branches of McDonalds. It is well known for its excellent food. The headquarters of McDonalds is situated in The United States. The restaurant was first started as a barbecue restaurant in the year of 1940. The company was opened by Maurice and Richard McDonald. The mission of the restaurant is to become friendlier to the customers and be one of the favorite places of the customers. Soon they started to sell hamburger which became a super hit item among the customers. In 1955, Ray Kroc started to own the company as a franchisee. Soon he purchased McDonalds restaurant from the original owners and started to popularize the restaurant and made it a world famous one. Does The Intricacy of The Topic Intimidate You? Tame Your Fear with Unmatched Assignment Help Services from Professional Writers. There are many franchisees of McDonalds spread across the country. The worlds 2nd biggest private employer is McDonalds. Apart from serving world famous hamburgers, it is famous for its mouthwatering sandwiches, different kinds of breakfast items, chicken wraps, aerated drinks and different types of fries and desserts. In response to the customers desire, the menu also includes salads, fish etc. Soon McDonalds set its foot in India and started to operate and sell its products through different outlets in India. In 1995, with the help of two partners, McDonalds started to be operative in India (Vasudevan, 2007). But McDonalds could not prosper or live up to its expectations and hold on to its popularity as it had gained in western countries. Under which circumstances or conditions did the company fail in India? Failure to understand Indian Values: Undoubtedly, the launch of McDonalds was a big news in India but due to some circumstances and conditions it failed to prosper. It had high hopes of gaining success, but it failed to live up to it. First and foremost, the Management did not understand the true meaning of localize or localization The Management of the corporation had a western approach which they tried to follow in India. The two countries India and The United States are different from each other in every respect like economic, social, and others. People of the countries are different and so are their cultures, values, morals, beliefs. So understanding the needs and wants of the local people was the most important factor to achieve its aims. However McDonalds failed to understand the mentality and the way of thinking of the common men. Hindus are forbidden from eating beef but McDonalds items used beef and the Management believed that the beliefs of the common men will be changed over a span of time. However, the attitudes and beliefs of the people never changed and McDonalds had to face a lot of criticism which reduced its popularity. So it failed to adapt the culture and tradition of the local people of India. They introduced the Maharaja Mac to change the tasting habits of the people and it took years to realize the craze for vegetarian food of Indian citizen. In protest to curb the use of beef by Management, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) protested against it. Few outlets of McDonalds situated in the Thane area of Mumbai were shattered by local people. Challenges faced by the Management: It wasnt at all easy for the Management to understand the beliefs of Indian citizens. To execute the task of slaughtering of cows and using meat created a big issue in the market. Slaughtering of cows is considered to be an unholy act and is never supported by the Hindus. It was truly difficult for the Management to carry out such tasks in India. According to the Hindu religion, the cows are considered as sacred as mothers. The Hindus worships cows and slaughtering of thousand of cows by the management of McDonalds created a rage among them and they started to protest. One of such biggest issues faced by the team was during the launch of any new product. During any launch, McDonalds could not predict or understand the demand of its food items because they already had a bad reputation in the public. Indian citizens were also not sure about which ingredients were being used to prepare the food items as they are strictly opposed to eating beef products. Also they were confused about the kind of oil that was being used to make the product. They had a belief that McDonalds used beef fat to fry the products instead of using vegetable oil. So launching a product and getting a huge response was really a tough thing to achieve considering the attitudes and believes of the Indians. Since they were unsure of the products or the ingredients, they stopped eating or dinning out at this food joint. The Management started to face constant challenges due to such problems. Diverse Country: Another reason of failing in India, companies like McDonalds was very overconfident of themselves and they believed that they understand India very well. India is a diverse country with different people from different cultural background. So it is really not an easy task to understand a country and its diversities. McDonalds failed to understand the country and the values of the people of India. Indian thinking is different from Westerners: Also most of the population can speak English but the thinking of Indians is never the same as the westerners. Although being a democratic country but the country is still run by the leaders. Indias thoughts about leadership and hierarchy are very different as still a leader controls the whole management. The leaders are considered to be the heads of the company and they are well known for their personality. Difference in the way of working and operating can also be considered as one of reasons for failure. Rules and Regulations: It is certainly difficult for a person who hails from western countries to come and operate its business successfully in India. The rules and regulations which are followed in the western countries are not the same which are followed in India. The westerners have a habit of following the legal system and thus the rules and regulations related to it. But the Indians do not generally work as the way the westerners do as Indians have a common hatred towards rules and they very well know how to adapt to short cut processes to become successful. (Vasudevan, 2007). The solution to these challenges is McDonalds should try to sell different kinds of vegetarian items instead of selling beef and pork products. As most of the Indians are vegetarian, they would certainly enjoy their meal and also it wont hurt the sentiments and the emotions of the common men (Miller, 2012). Questionnaire used in the Survey: The following data is a survey made on different sections of people in order to understand consumer preferences, and impact of sales. Q1. What kind of food are you fond of? Homemade food McDonalds KFC Q2. What kind of food do you prefer? Non-vegetarian Vegetarian Prefer to eat both of them Q3. If McDonalds stops selling beef, will you visit the outlet? Wont stop visiting the outlet Will stop visiting the outlet Wont visit even if it sells foods made of beef and pork Q 4. What will your reaction be if McDonalds introduces few vegetarian items in its lunch? Will enjoy meal more Vegetarian food will be more famous than non vegetarian food Whatever food is sold, whether vegetarian or non-vegetarian food, wont visit the restaurant Q5. Did McDonalds reduce its popularity by selling beef and pork products? Yes, beef products reduced its popularity Beef products are of good taste Doesnt matter whether it is vegetarian or non vegetarian food Q6. How would the restaurant react against the protests made by the Hindus? They will counter protest and try to seek a solution They will stop selling non vegetarian products They will leave India and go back to the western countries. Q7. What will happen if McDonalds shuts down all its outlet? People will miss the mouthwatering sandwiches, and hamburgers It wont matter much if McDonalds goes away from India People will try other food joints which serve same food like McDonalds. Objective of the Reasearch: Every research has an objective and this research is no exception to that. The first and foremost objective of the research is to understand the impact of food of McDonalds in the life of the Indians. McDonalds is famous for serving hamburgers, sandwiches and different types of breakfast dishes and desserts. But people are of the opinion that McDonalds sell items which are made of beef and pork. So the research aims at after being severely criticized by Indian citizens for serving beef products, they will still continue to do their business in India or flee away. Also the research tries to find out the reasons and circumstances of McDonalds failure in India. As mentioned, the research points out the specific reasons of McDonald being criticized by public. Being a western organization, McDonalds could not match or adapt to the beliefs and attitudes of Indian citizens. Hence it started selling beef and pork products which outraged the BJP and the Hindus. They protested against the company and urged them to stop selling the products. Also through research methodology, the researcher tries to find out what percentage of the population would still prefer to eat at McDonalds. For such people it really does not matter whether the outlet serves vegetarian or non vegetarian food. These people are die heart fans of McDonalds and no matter what the situation is they will continue to support the eatery. Next, also the researcher tries to observe the ways McDonald could get back their initial position and reputation. By following some techniques, McDonald can bring back the faith in the minds of the common people about the quality of their food (Maub orgne, 1987). Methodology of the Research: The objective of the research can be fulfilled by choosing the right methodology of the research. In this research, the survey methodology has been used. In order to understand how many people are in favor and against McDonalds, face to face interviews are also conducted. To understand customer preference, one of the important methods of research has been chosen. This survey research is used to understand the beliefs, thoughts, behavior and opinion of people. The survey method consists of a group of questions which is given to a particular section of people. The result of the test is collected to analyze the general behavior of the common men. Here, in this research, a questionnaire is given and asked a section of people to respond to the questions. Based on the responses of the questions, the likes and dislikes of common men can be understood. Survey method is the best method while assessing the likes and dislikes of people about any organization. The survey research gave numeric da ta which helped in getting the outcome. Size of the Sample: In the Survey method, mostly young people were asked to participate. Young people particularly in the age group of 20 to 50 were selected to respond to the questions. There has been a reason behind choosing youngsters as they mostly visit eateries like McDonalds to eat out. Around 30 people were requested to participate in the survey research. They were given the set of questions and their responses were collected in order to come to a decision. Location of the Research: The selection of the location is also an important factor in conducting a research. Hence one of the busiest streets need to selected to conduct the research. In the Melbourne City, Fawkners and Flinders street was chosen for the research. Here, different people from different cultures live. Many Indians are also found to live in this part of the city. Challenges faced during the research: Although the research seemed to be carried out smoothly, but there had been many challenges faced while conducting the research. The research was difficult to carry out as it proved to be time consuming. Many people did not cooperate while the survey method of research was being carried out. They did not want to share their views and this was one of the implications. Sometimes some people were over friendly and they spent a lot of time which resulted in wastage of time (DeBres, 2005). Findings from the research: As mentioned, a section of people were selected to give responses to some predetermined questions. Out of them, a percentage of 65 supported McDonalds and gave positive responses. According to them, McDonald was one of the biggest food joints and they really did not care about vegetarian or non vegetarian food that the outlet served. The rest of the people were against McDonalds and felt it should leave India as it hurt the general sentiments of Indian people by selling beef and pork products. They ate vegetarian food and they were the worshippers of cow and selling beef and pork products was not at all supported by them. A graphical representation has been used here to show the numeric values of the research: Conclusion: In conclusion, it can be said that McDonalds is no doubt a world renowned organization. They serve excellent and high quality food. However after coming to India, they could not be as successful as per expectation. They were believed to serve beef and pork products which proved to be very detrimental for them. As Hindus worship cows and consider them very sacred, so they were extremely angry and showered their anger with the help of several protests. Hence McDonald came out with other options like selling vegetarian food and thus got back its popularity. References: McDonald, J. (1992). Reasons for failure.The TQM Magazine,4(4). DeBres, K. (2005). Burgers for Britain: a cultural geography of McDonald's UK.Journal of Cultural Geography,22(2), 115-139. McDONALD, J. J. (2007). Confronting Jim Crow in the Lone Starcapital: the contrasting strategies of African-American and ethnic-Mexican political leaders in Austin, Texas, 19101930.Continuity and Change,22(01), 143-169. Chan Kim, W., Mauborgne, R. A. (1987). Cross-cultural strategies.Journal of Business Strategy,7(4), 28-35. Miller, J. (2012).A Whole New Ballgame: Analyzing and Understanding India's Emerging Middle Class Market(Doctoral dissertation). Hargreaves, J., McDonald, I. (2000). Cultural studies and the sociology of sport.Handbook of sports studies, 48-60. Holmes, R. M., Holmes, S. T. (Eds.). (1998).Contemporary perspectives on serial murder. Sage Publications. Tinker, G. E. (2004).Spirit and resistance: Political theology and American Indian liberation. Fortress Press. Wearing, S., McDonald, M. (2002). The development of community-based tourism: Re-thinking the relationship between tour operators and development agents as intermediaries in rural and isolated area communities.Journal of Sustainable Tourism,10(3), 191-206. Vasudevan, A. (2007).Bridging the Cultural Chasm: Winning Strategies for Global Businesses in India(Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati). Warren, D. (1974). Cultural Studies in Indian Education.BIA Education Research Bulletin,2(1), 2-18. Gagne, L. (2011). Catholic Social Teaching in Global Perspective. Edited by Daniel McDonald, SJ Maryknoll.Journal for Peace and Justice Studies,21(2), 116-119.

Darwinism Essays - Charles Darwin, Coleopterists,

Darwinism Charles Darwin Like many students, Charles Darwin was only intrested in topics that was intresting to him and although his father was a doctor, Darwin was very unintrested in medicine and he also couldnt stand the sight of surgery. He did eventually get a degree in Theology from Cambridge University, Although Theology was a minor intrest to him. What Darwin really liked to do was climb over hills, observe plants and animals, collecting new specimens, studying their structures, and categorizing his findings. In 1831, when Darwin was 22 years old, the British government sent her Majesty's ship The Beagle on a 5 year expedition that would take them along the coastline of South America and then onward around the world. During the trip the Beagle would carry along a naturalist to observe and collect Geological and Biological specimens. Thanks to a recomendation from one of Darwins old college professors, he was offered the position aboard the Beagle. The Beagle sailed to South America, ma king many stops along the coast. Here Darwin observed the plants and animals of the tropics and was stunned by the diversity of species compared with Europe. The most significant stop the Beagle made was the Galapagos Islands off the northwestern coast of South America. It was here that Darwin found huge populations of Tortoises; and he found out that diffrent islands were home to diffrent types of tortoises. He found that islands without tortoises, pricky pear cactus plants grew with their fruits spread all over the ground. And on Islands that had lots of tortoises, the prickly pears grew really thick, tall, bearing the fruit high above the tortoises reach. He wondered if the differences in the two plants were from being isolated from one another on seperate islands. In 1836, Darwin returned to England after his 5 year expedition. He became established as one of the best naturalists of his time. But Darwin sought to prove his idea of evolution with simple examples. Darwin maintaine d that seperate species evolve as a result of Natural Selection, or survival of the fittest. Darwin never said that human beings evolved from apes. He said that all life began with molecules acting on each other. So from the first single celled organism all life came. One single organism, by many diffrent molecules could make many diffrent species of animals. It was in this way that he stated Ape and Man are similar by each having similar life beginning. Darwin's theories caused people to begin to question where they actually came from. His response was the book on the origin of species. In his book he addressed the concerns of the people. He said It is interesting to contemplate an entangled bank, clothed with many plants of many kinds, with birds singing in the bushes, with various insects flitting about, and with worms crawling through the damp earth, and to reflect that these elaborately constructed forms have all been produced by laws acting around us. These laws, taken in the highes sense, being growth with reproduction; Inheritance and Variability; a Ratio of Increase so high as to lead to a strugle for life, and as a consequence to Natural Selection, entailing Divergence of charector and extinction of less-improved forms. There is grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed into a few forms or into one, and that, whilst this planet has gone cycling on according to the fixed laws of gravity, from so simple a beginning endless forms most beauthiful and most wonderful have been, and are being, evolved.

Starbucks Coffee Company Analysis

Starbucks Coffee Company Analysis Starbucks is the leading roaster and retailer of specialty coffee in the world and was founded in 1971 and based in Seattle, Washington. Starbucks is the largest coffeehouse company in the world, with 11,168 stores in 44 countries. Starbucks sells drip-brewed coffee, espresso-based hot drinks, Tazo teas, snacks and items such as mugs, and of course, their well renowned coffee beans. Within the last month, Starbucks has also launched a new instant coffee to compete in even more markets. This paper is an overview of the Starbucks Coffee Company and will provide recommendations regarding price, production, and composition of inputs.Company OverviewStarbucks Coffee Company began in 1971 out of Seattle, WA. The company opened the first store in Seattle's famous Pikes Place Market. In the mid 1980s Starbucks tested the concept of the small espresso bars and they were a huge hit. Between 1985 and 1991, Starbucks changed its name to Starbucks Coffee Company and acquired more than 100 stores. English: Starbucks' headquarters building in Seatt...In 2002, Starbucks owned and operated over 5,000 stores and by the end of 2007, the company owned and operated more than 14,000 stores (Starbucks, 2008).Starbucks as a company has taken years to become this industrious. This is in part to the key management and staff members that are in place at each Starbucks coffee store all over the world. All Starbucks employees undergo extensive training to ensure the customer experience is exceptional. Starbucks has also invested time and money in all types of coffee machine technology to improve productivity and product quality, which has allowed them to continue doing extremely well as a company. Part of their success has been due to their capital investment in all types of machinery regarding coffee, not only to make coffee at their stores but also to produce the actual coffee...

Bio Ethics and Longevity Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Bio Ethics and Longevity - Term Paper Example The idea of extending human lifespan has captivated scientists, philosophers and writers for a long time now. Moreover, ethicists have argued whether people should take a step to increase human longevity, which is not surprising. This is in consideration of the persistent media interest in research in to preventing or slowing ageing. Taking note of that, this paper will briefly summarize the ethical arguments that arose from this debate, with a focus on a recent case study on Life-extension and its effects on memory and learning (on worms). Finally, it will give a summary of critique of the case study as well as the personal opinion or ethical stand. 1. Summary Case study: Life-extension and its effect on memory and learning (on worms) The focus of the case study is on two methods to increase the longevity of various organisms - calorie restriction and alteration hormone insulin. It claims that research has shown that, reducing activity related to the insulin signal pathway impact lo ngevity positively. Several biological processes such as metabolism, development and stress response are triggered by the change of insulin signal pathway.1 A group of Biologists from Princeton recently found that, altering these mechanisms do also have some consequences on the organisms’ cognitive function and their research also revealed that calorie restriction and reduced insulin signaling is linked to reduced memory and learning as the organism grow old, which calls for development of a special treatment to avoid memory loss if people are to live longer. According to Coleen Murphy, longevity research works on the assumption that people who are able to live longer should have their bodies function equally well for the additional years. Collectively with her research team, they found out that calorie restriction had some severe effect on the lasting memory of C.elegans roundworms. To their surprise, the worms only suffered from impairment to long-term memory, but did not e ncounter any reduction in memory with age. Consequently, this means that gradual memory loss can be fought by calorie restrictions. On another front, the worms that were experimented with generic mutation reduced insulin active, signaling insulin activity. This experiment improved learning ability with age, but the worms were not secured from age-related reduction in long-term memory. These worms were used because their molecular mechanisms which governed these worms were alike to higher organism like mammals, and this has provided a promising hope for cognitive research on humans. Definition(s) Cognitive is based on or related to or involving reasoning or thinking, which is an activity of the mind. Indeed, Murphy’s team has done a tremendous job, but they have to be sure that it will apply to human beings as well and how they can overcome the reduction in learning and memory of these worms in question. The information that human’s genes are likened with those of C.ele gans, enabled treatment of negative cognitive alteration in relation to longevity extension of the worms, which is an answer to humans research. This study poses big questions. Will there be equity in access to this intervention once it is out? How does it impact our morality as human beings? Is the use of worms as having the same memory as human beings ethical? The following principles and academic papers try to take these questions into consideration. 2.

Trademark Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Trademark Assignment - Essay Example The definition and nature of the tort of passing off as well as the protection accorded the registration of a trademarks will best illustrate the significance of passing off since the introduction of the registered trademark system. This paper is therefore divided into two parts. The first part of this paper is committed to the definition and nature of the tort of passing off. The second part of this paper will examine the trademark registration system and will analyse how it runs parallel to the tort of passing off. I. The Tort of Passing Off A. Definition and Essential Elements of Passing Off Passing off is a common law concept created by judges. Lord Parker’s definition of passing off in Spalding v Gammage (1915) sets out the general significance of an action for passing off. Lord Parker defined passing off as a prohibition against the representation of one’s goods as those of another.3 A more detailed definition of passing off is provided in the Advocaat case in whi ch Lord Diplock’s definition encapsulates the essential elements of passing off. In this regard, passing off is required to be made by virtue of a misrepresentation. This misrepresentation must be made by a business trader operating in the course of his business dealings. The misrepresentation must also be made to consumers with respect to the goods and services provided by the trader. The misrepresentation must be such that it is designed to bring about harm to the goodwill or the business of a comparative business. The misrepresentation must bring about actual damages to the goodwill of business or must be likely to bring about damages.4 The essential elements of passing off which ultimately defines the tort of passing off are more particularly delineated in the House of Lords decision in Reckitt and Colman Ltd. v Borden (1990). In this case, the House of Lords described what has come to be known as the classic trinity. The classic trinity sets out the three essential eleme nts that the claimant relying on the tort of passing off must prove. First the claimant must demonstrate that the claimants services or goods have established a reputation or goodwill that separates those goods or services from comparable goods or services. Secondly, there must be evidence that the defendant misrepresented his/her goods or services with the result that it creates confusion in that the goods or services offered by the defendant are mistaken for those of the claimant. Finally, there must be evidence that the claimant is likely to incur damages as a result of the misrepresentation.5 It therefore follows that that definition and the essential elements of passing off was trimmed down by the House of Lords in the Reckitt case to encapsulate three factors. What can be gleaned from the definition and essential elements of passing off is that it aimed at protecting the reputation attached to a trade mark rather than the mark itself. This aspect of the tort of passing off is demonstrative of its significance since the introduction of the trade mark registration system. Essentially, registration protects the mark whereas a parallel right of action exists in protection of the reputation and goodwill attached to the trademark. Therefore an unregistered trademark remains

Mosquito: Diseases and Control

Mosquito: Diseases and Control Mosquitoes: The Diseases They Carry and Methods of Controlling the Populations   People who live in Alaska are definitely aware of the tiny insect known as the Mosquito. Most people do not realize the deadly diseases that they may carry and the possible effects that commonly used repellants may have. There are three main diseases carried and transmitted by mosquitoes, they are: West Nile, Malaria, and Dengue. Although these diseases are more prevalent in tropical areas, there is still a high risk for the citizens of Alaska of contracting one of these deadly diseases. Many people drench themselves in repellants, many containing N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), but are there alternatives? There are as many as 230 products containing the chemical DEET known to the EPA, but there are many alternatives to using DEET, such as citronella and essential oils (Hayhurst). DEET has been approved by the EPA for years to help deter mosquitoes from biting. One of the most widely used ways in which modern society tried to control mosquitoes was by spraying dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) over the Island of Sardinia, and island off the coast of Italy. Malaria had been present, but not prevalent until World War II malaria raged to the status of a full on epidemic. The Italian government and a private foundation enlisted the help of 25,000 people working in the field, 5 air craft, two helicopters, countless automobiles, and many field offices. The mosquito that was the subject of the extermination was the Anopheles labranchiae, the known carrier of malaria on the island. This species of mosquito has a soft body, brow coloring, and four dark marks on each wing. Not only did the workers attack the breeding locations of the mosquitoes, but they also sprayed homes, rivers, ponds, and fields with the DDT. In the extermination effort the workers used around 256 tons, 260,000 kilograms, of DDT. The effort was only partially successful. The number of reported malaria cases dropped to just 4 reported cases four years after the dusting, but when scouts went out to search for the Anopheles labrachiae they found that both adults and the larvae in the brackish streams and swamps. In the minds of the Italian government this was a failure (Andrew Spielman Sc.D 148-49). Although the mosquito extermination was seen as a failure, the initial consensus in Greece, where 16% of children tested positive for malaria parasites, was that the use of DDT was a success. There were very few accidental deaths of other insects. Around 1942 over 50 percent of the population of Greece had been infected with malaria. In 1947 the government set out to eradicate the local carrier of malaria, Anopheles sacharovi. The citizens of Greece welcomed the workers who dusted the country as a liberating army (Andrew Spielman Sc.D 149) There were also positive effects on crops. Olive farmers were fortunate to get their olive trees dusted, which killed off the caterpillars that in previous years had destroyed the crops. They were able to have a much larger harvest. Many towns experienced a reduction in all pests, including cockroaches, lice, and fleas, along with the mosquitoes. Soon after the dusting began malaria was gone from the islands. The citizens couldnt be happier, until something unexpected happened (Andrew Spielman Sc.D 149). The scientists were having lunch out in the country, and began to notice the flies returning. They were not overly concerned until they saw the dreaded Anopheles sacharovi flying around them. They scientists could not understand how the mosquitoes were surviving in a place that had been dusted with DDT. It was soon realized that the deadly malaria carrying Anopheles sacharovi had adapted and become DDT resistant. After this discovery scientists discovered how to use the pesticide to upset the cycle of malaria infections (Andrew Spielman Sc.D 149-50). Although DDT was widely used all across the world, a successful mosquito eradication campaign was started in 1900 in New Jersey. Before the start of this rigorous campaign certain low lying areas of large metropolitan areas were uninhabitable because of the high populations of mosquitoes. A scientist by the name of John B. Smith began the campaign and only had rudimentary knowledge of the mosquito behaviors and species in the state. The first state was to identify the dominant species transmitting the malaria. He then identified the most common breeding areas of the mosquitoes of the area, the Ochlerotatus sollicitans and the Anopheles quardrimaculatus. This kind of mosquito particularly liked to breed in brackish water and swamps. Smith termed this effort mosquito control instead of extermination. At first this idea was completely rejected until the results of this revolutionary idea started to appear. Smith sent his crews all over the state to dig drainage ditches that would attrac t the mosquitoes for breeding. After the mosquitoes had laid their eggs in the ditches, the workers went back and filled them with oil. This caused the population of malaria carrying mosquitoes to drop dramatically in the areas where this technique was utilized. This had a positive secondary effect on the economy of the larger cities such as Newark and Elizabeth. There was a housing boom in the formerly unlivable areas and a population growth. In addition to these effects, the cases of malaria were diminished to only a few. These original ditches are still in use today across the states of New Jersey and New York (Andrew Spielman Sc.D). Malaria is one of the most widespread diseases transmitted by mosquitoes carrying the parasite. There are as many as 50 types of malaria carrying Anopheles mosquitoes around the world (Major mosquito-borne diseases). The Anopheles mosquito tends to bite at night, why every person needs to sleep under a mosquito net in areas ravaged with malaria (Brody). The parasite that causes malaria is the Plasmodium. There are four kinds of Plasmodium that affect humans. They are: Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale. The most common are Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. One of these happens to be the most dangerous, Plasmodium falciparum (WHO). Even though malaria is a parasitic disease, it is 100 percent preventable and also can be cured with the proper medication. The first symptoms of malaria tend to begin about ten to fifteen days. After the ten to fifteen days the first symptoms tend to be a fever, headache, chills, and vomiting (WHO). Tra velers who do not have immunity and pregnant women, even those who have partial immunity, are at the highest risk for contracting malaria from an infected mosquito (WHO). The most widely used medication to cure malaria is artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). The best chance for curing a patient is early diagnosis and treatment with these medications. Not only is curing the already infected important, but disease prevention, especially in low income countries, is key. In the developing nations of malaria, the disease has a large impact on the economy and but a burden on the country as a whole. The one down side to these widely used drugs is that the Plasmodium parasites are quickly developing a resistance to them. To avoid the resistance people are now using ACTs as well as artemisinin monotherapy (WHO). According to Jane Brody, in recent years there has been a large increase in the number of cases of dengue fever. This mosquito-borne disease is not directly transmitted from human to human, but is transmitted through mosquitoes. If a mosquito bites an infected human, and then bite a non-infected human, the disease will be spread. The main mosquito that transmits the dengue fever is the Aedes aegypti, which likes to bite during the day especially in the morning and late afternoon (Brody). There are four kinds of the virus that cause dengue fever. They are a flavivirus and all vary slightly, but the four kinds are DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4. Once a human being is infected with one of the four kinds of dengue fever, they have a life time of immunity to that particular type, but are still susceptible to a secondary infection from any of the other 3 types. Research shows that it is most likely the second infection, instead of the third or fourth, that can lead to dengue hemorrhagic fever, which is much more deadly. When this happens a persons capillaries begin to leak fluid. The person does not die from dengue hemorrhagic fever, but rather dengue shock syndrome due to extreme blood loss (Brody). According to the author of an article in Natural History Magazine, dengue fever may be deadly; the mortality rates are not high. The virus can only live for a short time in a human host and only has an incubation period of between four and seven days. The kinds of mosquitoes that are carriers of the virus are Aedes aegypti, Aedes polynesiensis, and Aedes albopictus. As the Aedes albopictus begins to spread into the western hemisphere, there is a greater risk for people in the United States of contracting this virus. After a person has been infected with a form of dengue they have some immunity against yellow fever and vice versa (Major mosquito-borne diseases). The West Nile virus was first seen in Uganda around the West Nile region, hence the name, in the mid 1900s. Although this disease has been recognized for over 70 years, the first cases appeared in the United States in 1999. Once the disease hit America, the virus spread at an alarming rate across the country and is now reported in almost every state. Even though the virus is wide spread, it is rare to contract this disease. If it is contracted, the symptoms are usually not severe and tend to manifest like a mild case of the flu. The virus become deadly when a person is elderly or has a compromised immune system. If a person with such a condition becomes infected with the virus West Nile becomes deadly because the risk of encephalitis, also known as swelling of the brain, occurring goes up (Tufts University). Certain birds in the United States are the main carriers of the West Nile virus. Those birds are crows and jays. The mosquitoes pick up the virus when they bite an infected bird and the virus then goes to the insects salivary glands. Once an infected mosquito bites a human, the virus incubates for between two and fourteen days. There are other ways, although extremely uncommon, that West Nile can be transmitted. They are: organ transplant, blood transfusion, mother to unborn child, breast-feeding, and laboratory acquisition (Mayo Clinic Staff). The mosquito is a vector of many different diseases, the most common being malaria, dengue fever, and West Nile virus. Many people over the years have tried to eradicate the tiny insect in an effort to prevent disease. Today a solution is needed for the growing mosquito problem across the globe that has not only killed millions in Africa, but is beginning to claim lives in the Northern Hemisphere, including lives in the United States. If steps are not taken to address this problem, tens of millions of people will fall victim to the diseases carried by this tiny insect benign in appearance. The mosquito may seem nonthreatening, and the bite an annoyance, but the itchy welt may spell out disaster for humans in every country of the world.

Fast Food vs Organic Essay

Have you ever sat and back and wondered why there are so many obese people in the U. S.? You would think that with all of the buzz about organic foods that we have available, that we would slowly be getting better with our weight as a country. Unfortunately the reality of the situation is organic food are expensive and with the way the economy is today many people are working on a budget and simply cannot afford to splurge on the organic items. So now that we know that lets look at the second half of that equation, Fast Food! Now as much as people criticize the fast food industry it’s convenient and like the name says fast. Now days most people do not want to come home after a long, hard day of work and slave over the stove to cook a hot meal for their family. However what they don’t realize is how much that food is poisoning us. Take McDonalds for example, it has been brought to the public’s attention just what goes on when they are making their food. The food looks like food that you would make in your kitchen, but it is actually manufactured. French fries use to be made by potatoes peeled in the back room and cut into strips. Today they are made in large factories, frozen and processed. Some of the ingredients are very fatty. Even though they have said that they â€Å"were† injecting the chicken nuggets with a pink dye, people are still running to the franchise for their food. I am not judging anyone by any means just stating my observations. Now if you think about it most families probably spend about $100 a week on fast food. Why would so people spend so much money on fast food you ask? Its simple it’s easy, and it’s convenient and inexpensive. Compared to other foods it’s something that working people and ordinary people can go out and enjoy. The design of a fast food restaurant is very well thought out. We form our eating habits as children so they try to nurture clients as youngsters. It’s very important that the fast food companies make sure that their fast food meals for children are healthier. In contrast the benefits of eating organic foods are great and if you can afford them should definitely take advantage of them. The are good for both the earth and the environment. The animals are living stress-free, free-grazing on the land and not being manufactured in deplorable living conditions. Organic farmers use less energy, less water resources, and NO pesticides. Organic farmers’ soil stays rich in content, moisture and nutrients due to careful management of land and using only natural organic matter to grow their crops. When industrialized agriculture arrives in farming communities, many farmers are forced out of business. Each month dozens of new pesticides, show up in local supermarkets and stores. Because they are advertised heavily are purchased and used and thus the destruction of the earth continues slow and steady. Organic farmers, live cleanly. Free of pesticides and toxins.

Annotated Bibliography: Illegal Immigration Essay

An illegal immigrant is a foreigner who has entered or resides in a country without the countries authorization. According to the C.I.A. â€Å"the nations immigrant population reached a record of 37.9 million in 2007 and nearly one in three immigrants is an illegal alien.†(Camarota) In 2000 there were reported 214 million immigrants in the world, â€Å"immigrants now make up 3.1 percent of the world population.† (Gonzalez and Nowicki) Normally illegal immigrants go overlooked in big economies, usually taking jobs that the citizens will not do. However when a recession hits the illegal immigrants will be looked down on and blamed for being the cause of unemployment rates and getting the citizens â€Å"rightfully owned† government money. The reason illegal immigration is sociologically significant is because there are many different viewpoints on it, some people think it helps and others think it only hinders. In some cases it can help the economy with low skilled workers taking jobs others would not normally want, but in other cases they can use government money, free education, and more. I chose these selections because I thought they would best help my research paper. Each journal displays some negative effect of illegal immigrants on the host country or a law relating to illegal immigrants and the affect that law has on the people. Some papers display good outcomes for the host country, but might not necessarily be good for the country in a real life situation. Chiswick, Barry R. â€Å"Illegal Immigration and Immigration Control† The Journal of Economic Perspectives 2 (1988): 101-115 Web. 6 April 2014 Barry R. Chiswick has published 394 papers, most of which have to do with economic standpoints. The main point of this paper is to show the economic impact of illegal immigration. according to Chiswick, â€Å"Illegal immigrants have an impact on the economic well-being of the legal resident population of the United States, both at the level of income and the distribution of income.† (106) The paper then goes on to state that â€Å"the increased immigration of low-skilled workers will lead to an increase in the marginal  productivity hence the wage rate of higher skilled workers.† (Chiswick 106) If so then the lower paid workers will continue to be paid the same and the higher skilled workers will start being paid more, thus leading to an economic struggle and more of a difference in power. At this point the conflict theory could set in and lower-class workers could have reason to rebel or go on strike. Chiswick then goes on to say â€Å"The immigration of low-skilled workers with their dependents may reduce the income of the native population† this meaning that every illegal immigrant that brings its family will potentially be lowering the average income of American citizens. This reference is of value to my research because it shows the negative effects of illegal immigration and what would happen if it continues to go on. It also shows how little immigrants get paid, and how the amount of money they make is so drastically little that it actually lowers the average American household income. Being paid so little these people would have to struggle just to get by and may turn to violence or taking multiple jobs away from U.S. citizens. Dula, Giora, Nava Kahana and Tikva Lecker â€Å"How to Partly Bounce Back the Struggle against Illegal Immigration to the Source Countries† Journal of Population Economics 19 (2006):315-325 Web 6 April 2014 Gloria Dula has published 20 papers, including 3 corrections and this her first on immigration. The main purpose of the paper was to propose new tactics in keeping illegal immigration down. According to the journal, by putting more funding into strengthening its own internal and border control and the foreign aid given to some countries you would be able to minimize illegal immigration. The authors think this tactic will work because â€Å"the negative impact on the well being of the majority of voters motivates rick countries to take measures against illegal immigration.† (Dula, Kahana, and Lecker 317) The paper also states that â€Å"there is little doubt that illegal immigration is a troublesome phenomenon for rich countries sense the illegal immigrants do not pay taxes, are often involved in clandestine activities and are unable to obtain jobs in which they may be noticed† (Dula, Kahana, and Lecker 316) Then it goes on to say â€Å"most illegal immigrants are primarily low-skilled workers,†(Dula, Kahana, and Lecker 316) if this is true then most Americans could have the jobs that these people come over seas for, showing that they are taking jobs that Americans can work. This  reference is of value to my research because it shows the negative effects of illegal immigration and then comes up with a solution to the problem. By putting more funding into boarder protection we would be able to lower the threat that illegal immigration causes. Garcà ­a, Angel Solano â€Å"Does Illegal Immigration Empower Rightist Parties?† Journal of Population Economics 19 (2006): 649-670 Web. 6 April 2014 Angel Solano Garcia has published 17 papers, all of which have related to economics or immigration. The main purpose of the paper is to show the political influence that illegal immigration has on elections in America. Illegal immigration has turned into a smuggling crime and gangs will take people over the border in exchange for money, most immigrants â€Å"are caught up with organized crime by these criminal gangs.† (Garcia 650) Garcia shows that â€Å"immigration is spontaneously accused of being a major source of insecurity,†(Garcia 650) which means that the candidate that speaks out against illegal immigration may have more influence on voters. Then by producing an equations Garcia seeks to prove himself right and says â€Å"In our model, we assume that there exists a positive relation between the number of illegal immigrants that enter the country and the natives’ perception of the lack of security in the host country.† There could also be people that would feel like a candidate that did not like funding boarder control would be a better choice seeing how the U.S. government has been â€Å"raising the enforcement budget of the U.S. boarder control from US$290 million in 1980 to US$1.7 billion in 1995.†(Garcia 651) This reference is of value to my research because it shows a lot of negative effects on the U.S. due to immigration such as gang violence, government spending, and citizen insecurity. It also shows how illegal immigration can be used as a political advantage either by talking for or against it because of its sociological importance to people. Hall, Anthony. â€Å"Illegal immigration and medical confidentiality†The British Medical Journal, 280 (1980): 569-570. Web. 7 April 2014. Anthony Hall has had 903 papers published, all having to do with medicine or  in the medical field. The authors stand point is against illegal immigration proving so when he uses many different negative effects to prove his point that illegal immigrants that enter the UK with means of getting medical attention should be deported and notified to the Home Office. The main purpose of this journal was to elaborate on what happens to illegal immigrants when needing medical attention. illegal immigration does not only effect America but also other countries as well, for England, â€Å"under the immigration act of 1971 illegal immigration and overstaying are criminal offences.† (Hall 569) This paper also shows the amount of crime illegal immigrants has brought to the U.K. with Hall stating â€Å"terrorists have entered the UK illegally and committed murder. There may be 50,000 illegal immigrants from Iran; some have brought in heroin, and the proportion of Iranian heroin in the UK has greatly increased.†(Hall 570) This is similar to the drugs being brought in along with gang violence from Mexico into America as stated by Angel Solano Garcia. This reference is of value to my research because it shows how all developed countries do not want illegal immigrants â€Å"in order to reduce crime, disease, and government spending†(Hall 570) Showing how all countries are affected by these three things when it has an abundance of illegal immigrants. Even though Hall states that â€Å"most countries, both rich and poor, have much stricter immigration law than does the UK,† other countries still experience the same harsh effects of illegal immigration Jacobs, Michael â€Å"Immigration Controls and Racism† Economic and Political Weekly 20 (1985): 1075-1076 Web. 8 April 2014 Michael Jacobs has published 1,810 papers most on the economy and environment. The author is for letting illegal immigrants stay because of his views on marriage and family.The main idea of the journal is to show how people discriminate against women when it comes to immigration and grace policies. Jacobs states that â€Å"a recent report by the Commission for Racial Equality declared that the immigration rules were racist in operation†(1075) because in most cases if an illegal immigrant couple enters America and has a child, the father will be deported where the mother will be able to stay so that she can raise the child. This means that there is a  lot of racism going on when dealing with illegal aliens. There is also immigration issues when dealing with marriage, an illegal immigrant may try to gain citizenship by marrying a citizen of the country. This means that people are starting to have to go through tests to make sure that they are not getting married just for the purpose of citizenship. However â€Å"the UK immigrants Advisory Service has already begun proceedings against this rule in the European court, on grounds of both racial discrimination an its attack on the right to marry according to choice and to live in the country of citizenship†. (Jacobs 1075) There is much controversy over the issue but the one thing that is certain is that an extreme amount of racism and sexism is being used when dealing with these people. This reference is of value to my research because it shows how even though we might be trying to get non-citizens out of the country, we will never be able to do it properly until we are able to put aside the sexism. Palivos ,Theodore â€Å"Welfare Effects of Illegal Immigration† Journal of Population Economics 22 (2009):131-144 Web. 3 April 2014 Theodore Palivos has published 78 papers, most of which are about economical matters. The main purpose of the article is to show how illegal immigration is good for the host country by contributing to said countries economic growth and increasing their holdings of capital. By coming up with two equations that analyzed heterogeneous labor, wage, unemployment, and labor force to show that illegal immigration raises the welfare of domestic citizens . He also brings in many factors such as that there is less governmental control for such low paying factories so profit can grow more, and that the people working in these conditions do not strive for more because they cannot get a better job in their country. This reference is of value to my research because by showing that the effects of having no illegal immigrants would significantly open up more jobs, even though there would be a negative outcome, it would still give opportunities for pay to more American citizens. If the work he had done represented a country that had no minimum wage then his findings would have been conflicting with my paper, however because the U.S. does have minimum wage it reverses all of the results because it leads to the conflict theory where there is â€Å"job  competition between domestic unskilled workers and immigrants.† (Palivos 132) Robison, W. G. â€Å"Illegal Immigrants in Canada: Recent Developments† International Migraton Review18 (1984): 474-485 Web. 7 April 2014 W. G. Robinson has published 197 paper, most about medicine. The main point of the journal is to inform about the immigration policies in Canada and how they have changed over time. According to Robison â€Å"Immigration policies and their management in a country like Canada have long been an interesting and instructive study for other countries,†(474) this could be because of its strange boarders and â€Å"rapid legislative and administrative responses to problems†.(Robinson 474) Robinson states thatIn order to make Canada’s boarders harder to get across â€Å"immigration authorities in Canada have undertaken a number of test programs aimed at improving border control,† (482) â€Å"extended use of the visitors visa,†(482) and if a persons visa is not accepted â€Å"there is effective control without the cost of transportation to the visitor who is turned back at entry.†(482) All of these things contributed to the drastic drop in illegal immigrants in Canada, because people with a work visa were able to stay in the country longer they were not considered illegal anymore. The people that did not get accepted for a visa were turned away and deported, expenses paid by Canada. This reference is of value to my research because it shows an effective way to get rid of unwanted illegal immigrants that may be used by other countries. This also gives incite on the affects of illegal aliens in other countries, by showing yet another country that is affected that is not America. â€Å"Unenforced Boundaries: illegal immigration and the limits of judicial federalism† Harvard Law Review, 1081995 (1995):1643-1660 Web. 7 April 2012 The Harvard law review is a journal that publishes eight regular annual issues of various legal articles by professors, judges, practitioners, and students. The purpose of this article is to show how the federal government is ultimately in charge of what happens to illegal immigrants and not the state. In California proposition 187 was approved in 1994 was designed â€Å"to  make illegal aliens ineligible for most state and local government-provided social services, health care, and education.† (1643) but then the paper goes on to state that â€Å"a state has no power to prevent unlawful immigration, and no power to deport illegal aliens†¦ if the federal government, properly chargeable with deporting illegal aliens, fails to do so, it should bear the burdens of their presence here.†(1643) This means that even though they approved proposition 187, they have no power to get the illegal aliens out of the state so they would wind up having to pay for these people any way. Thus the proposition would have no effect because of things such as the 14th amendment that requires states to provide public education to illegal-immigrant children on an equal basis with other children. It is also hard to document the costs of illegal immigrants because they are â€Å"by definition, undocumented.† (1645) This reference is of value to my research because it shows that unless the government helps take action, the states affected by illegal immigrants will be stuck having to pay unnecessary taxes and fees for people that are not citizens. If the government were to enforce more laws on illegal immigration then we would have more money to spend on schooling and towns all over America, this can also apply to other countries in the sense that they would have more state funding if the government spending went up for boarder control and illegal immigrant deportation. Works Cited: Camarota, Steven. â€Å"Immigrants in the United States, 2007† Center for Immigration. CIA, 2007. Web. 3 April 2014 Chiswick, Barry R. â€Å"Illegal Immigration and Immigration Control† The Journal of Economic Perspectives 2 (1988): 101-115 Web. 6 April 2014 Dula, Giora, Nava Kahana and Tikva Lecker â€Å"How to Partly Bounce Back the Struggle against Illegal Immigration to the Source Countries† Journal of Population Economics 19 (2006):315-325 Web 6 April 2014 Garcà ­a, Angel Solano â€Å"Does Illegal Immigration Empower Rightist Parties?† Journal of Population Economics 19 (2006): 649-670 Web. 6 April 2014 Gonzalez, Daniel and Dan Nowicki. â€Å"Governments across globe struggling with immigration† AZcentral. AZcentral, n.d.Web. 3 April 2014 Hall, Anthony. â€Å"Illegal immigration and medical confidentiality† The British Medical Journal, 280 (1980): 569-570. Web. 7 April 2014. Jacobs, Michael â€Å"Immigration Controls and Racism† Economic and Political Weekly 20 (1985): 1075-1076 Web. 8 April 2014 Palivos, Theodore â€Å"Welfare Effects of Illegal Immigration† Journal of Population Economics 22 (2009):131-144 Web 3 April 2014 Robison, W. G. â€Å"Illegal Immigrants in Canada: Recent Developments† International Migraton Review18 (1984): 474-485 Web. 7 April 2014 â€Å"Unenforced Boundaries: illegal immigration and the limits of judicial federalism† Harvard Law Review, 1081995 (1995):1643-1660 Web. 7 April 2014

Struggles of Immigrants Essay - 1158 Words

Randall and Morales: Struggles of Immigrants America has long been the land of hopes and dreams People from all over the world came to America for a better life. America was underpopulated. For the country to build and develop, she needed more people, therefore the government passed Act 1802, which invited people to come here and become citizens (Welcome). The native people of the country welcomed everybody to come live and become citizens here. They also claimed that they would respect and appreciate human rights and would not discriminate against people of other nations. Randall and Morales describe the efforts and struggles of immigrants who came to the United States and tried to become her citizens, a thing that in reality is very†¦show more content†¦Before the publication of his book, â€Å"Litany of Friends† in 1981, Randall suffered from deep suicide depression, during which he created some of his most original poetry (Randall). Dudley Randall died on August 5 , 2000 (Randall). Dudley’s poem â€Å"The Melting Pot† (1968) tells about the immigrants problem of identity. The poem speaks about the discrimination experienced by those immigrants. Each of the stanzas consists of four lines (quatrain), except the third and the fourth, which are couplets, and they have rhymes at the end of several lines (Welcome). For the writer this rhyming sound is necessary, that is why in the first stanza he writes â€Å"girl or man,† which usually would be girl and boy, or woman and man, to make it rhyme with the word â€Å"American† (Welcome). There is a magic melting pot (Barnet) where any girl or man (Barnet) can step in Czech or Greek or Scot, (Barnet) step out American (Barnet). Randall uses a cynical tone to describe America. He calls it a â€Å"magic melting pot† because America consists of people from many different nationalities that melt into one new nation. Randall insinuates the country forces the immigrants to leave their identities behind and change it to something new that is more â€Å"American.† The second stanza implies people have to change their name and evenShow MoreRelatedThe Struggle of Immigrants in America900 Words   |  4 Pages The Struggle of Immigrants in America The U.S has a prolonged history of discrimination. In the late 17th century, when America declared as a free country, only the white gentility had the privileged of â€Å"freedom† and African American continue their life as slaves for many decades. As the country grows, it became a dream land, a refuge for immigrations fled from their country to seek freedom and pursuit happiness. However, the gene of discriminations stuck deeply in the mind of the early foundingRead MoreThe Immigrants And Their Struggles Faced By American Immigrants Essay2143 Words   |  9 Pagesfocus primarily on the immigrants and their struggles faced in America. 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