Mosquito: Diseases and Control

Mosquito: Diseases and Control Mosquitoes: The Diseases They Carry and Methods of Controlling the Populations   People who live in Alaska are definitely aware of the tiny insect known as the Mosquito. Most people do not realize the deadly diseases that they may carry and the possible effects that commonly used repellants may have. There are three main diseases carried and transmitted by mosquitoes, they are: West Nile, Malaria, and Dengue. Although these diseases are more prevalent in tropical areas, there is still a high risk for the citizens of Alaska of contracting one of these deadly diseases. Many people drench themselves in repellants, many containing N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), but are there alternatives? There are as many as 230 products containing the chemical DEET known to the EPA, but there are many alternatives to using DEET, such as citronella and essential oils (Hayhurst). DEET has been approved by the EPA for years to help deter mosquitoes from biting. One of the most widely used ways in which modern society tried to control mosquitoes was by spraying dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) over the Island of Sardinia, and island off the coast of Italy. Malaria had been present, but not prevalent until World War II malaria raged to the status of a full on epidemic. The Italian government and a private foundation enlisted the help of 25,000 people working in the field, 5 air craft, two helicopters, countless automobiles, and many field offices. The mosquito that was the subject of the extermination was the Anopheles labranchiae, the known carrier of malaria on the island. This species of mosquito has a soft body, brow coloring, and four dark marks on each wing. Not only did the workers attack the breeding locations of the mosquitoes, but they also sprayed homes, rivers, ponds, and fields with the DDT. In the extermination effort the workers used around 256 tons, 260,000 kilograms, of DDT. The effort was only partially successful. The number of reported malaria cases dropped to just 4 reported cases four years after the dusting, but when scouts went out to search for the Anopheles labrachiae they found that both adults and the larvae in the brackish streams and swamps. In the minds of the Italian government this was a failure (Andrew Spielman Sc.D 148-49). Although the mosquito extermination was seen as a failure, the initial consensus in Greece, where 16% of children tested positive for malaria parasites, was that the use of DDT was a success. There were very few accidental deaths of other insects. Around 1942 over 50 percent of the population of Greece had been infected with malaria. In 1947 the government set out to eradicate the local carrier of malaria, Anopheles sacharovi. The citizens of Greece welcomed the workers who dusted the country as a liberating army (Andrew Spielman Sc.D 149) There were also positive effects on crops. Olive farmers were fortunate to get their olive trees dusted, which killed off the caterpillars that in previous years had destroyed the crops. They were able to have a much larger harvest. Many towns experienced a reduction in all pests, including cockroaches, lice, and fleas, along with the mosquitoes. Soon after the dusting began malaria was gone from the islands. The citizens couldnt be happier, until something unexpected happened (Andrew Spielman Sc.D 149). The scientists were having lunch out in the country, and began to notice the flies returning. They were not overly concerned until they saw the dreaded Anopheles sacharovi flying around them. They scientists could not understand how the mosquitoes were surviving in a place that had been dusted with DDT. It was soon realized that the deadly malaria carrying Anopheles sacharovi had adapted and become DDT resistant. After this discovery scientists discovered how to use the pesticide to upset the cycle of malaria infections (Andrew Spielman Sc.D 149-50). Although DDT was widely used all across the world, a successful mosquito eradication campaign was started in 1900 in New Jersey. Before the start of this rigorous campaign certain low lying areas of large metropolitan areas were uninhabitable because of the high populations of mosquitoes. A scientist by the name of John B. Smith began the campaign and only had rudimentary knowledge of the mosquito behaviors and species in the state. The first state was to identify the dominant species transmitting the malaria. He then identified the most common breeding areas of the mosquitoes of the area, the Ochlerotatus sollicitans and the Anopheles quardrimaculatus. This kind of mosquito particularly liked to breed in brackish water and swamps. Smith termed this effort mosquito control instead of extermination. At first this idea was completely rejected until the results of this revolutionary idea started to appear. Smith sent his crews all over the state to dig drainage ditches that would attrac t the mosquitoes for breeding. After the mosquitoes had laid their eggs in the ditches, the workers went back and filled them with oil. This caused the population of malaria carrying mosquitoes to drop dramatically in the areas where this technique was utilized. This had a positive secondary effect on the economy of the larger cities such as Newark and Elizabeth. There was a housing boom in the formerly unlivable areas and a population growth. In addition to these effects, the cases of malaria were diminished to only a few. These original ditches are still in use today across the states of New Jersey and New York (Andrew Spielman Sc.D). Malaria is one of the most widespread diseases transmitted by mosquitoes carrying the parasite. There are as many as 50 types of malaria carrying Anopheles mosquitoes around the world (Major mosquito-borne diseases). The Anopheles mosquito tends to bite at night, why every person needs to sleep under a mosquito net in areas ravaged with malaria (Brody). The parasite that causes malaria is the Plasmodium. There are four kinds of Plasmodium that affect humans. They are: Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale. The most common are Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. One of these happens to be the most dangerous, Plasmodium falciparum (WHO). Even though malaria is a parasitic disease, it is 100 percent preventable and also can be cured with the proper medication. The first symptoms of malaria tend to begin about ten to fifteen days. After the ten to fifteen days the first symptoms tend to be a fever, headache, chills, and vomiting (WHO). Tra velers who do not have immunity and pregnant women, even those who have partial immunity, are at the highest risk for contracting malaria from an infected mosquito (WHO). The most widely used medication to cure malaria is artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). The best chance for curing a patient is early diagnosis and treatment with these medications. Not only is curing the already infected important, but disease prevention, especially in low income countries, is key. In the developing nations of malaria, the disease has a large impact on the economy and but a burden on the country as a whole. The one down side to these widely used drugs is that the Plasmodium parasites are quickly developing a resistance to them. To avoid the resistance people are now using ACTs as well as artemisinin monotherapy (WHO). According to Jane Brody, in recent years there has been a large increase in the number of cases of dengue fever. This mosquito-borne disease is not directly transmitted from human to human, but is transmitted through mosquitoes. If a mosquito bites an infected human, and then bite a non-infected human, the disease will be spread. The main mosquito that transmits the dengue fever is the Aedes aegypti, which likes to bite during the day especially in the morning and late afternoon (Brody). There are four kinds of the virus that cause dengue fever. They are a flavivirus and all vary slightly, but the four kinds are DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4. Once a human being is infected with one of the four kinds of dengue fever, they have a life time of immunity to that particular type, but are still susceptible to a secondary infection from any of the other 3 types. Research shows that it is most likely the second infection, instead of the third or fourth, that can lead to dengue hemorrhagic fever, which is much more deadly. When this happens a persons capillaries begin to leak fluid. The person does not die from dengue hemorrhagic fever, but rather dengue shock syndrome due to extreme blood loss (Brody). According to the author of an article in Natural History Magazine, dengue fever may be deadly; the mortality rates are not high. The virus can only live for a short time in a human host and only has an incubation period of between four and seven days. The kinds of mosquitoes that are carriers of the virus are Aedes aegypti, Aedes polynesiensis, and Aedes albopictus. As the Aedes albopictus begins to spread into the western hemisphere, there is a greater risk for people in the United States of contracting this virus. After a person has been infected with a form of dengue they have some immunity against yellow fever and vice versa (Major mosquito-borne diseases). The West Nile virus was first seen in Uganda around the West Nile region, hence the name, in the mid 1900s. Although this disease has been recognized for over 70 years, the first cases appeared in the United States in 1999. Once the disease hit America, the virus spread at an alarming rate across the country and is now reported in almost every state. Even though the virus is wide spread, it is rare to contract this disease. If it is contracted, the symptoms are usually not severe and tend to manifest like a mild case of the flu. The virus become deadly when a person is elderly or has a compromised immune system. If a person with such a condition becomes infected with the virus West Nile becomes deadly because the risk of encephalitis, also known as swelling of the brain, occurring goes up (Tufts University). Certain birds in the United States are the main carriers of the West Nile virus. Those birds are crows and jays. The mosquitoes pick up the virus when they bite an infected bird and the virus then goes to the insects salivary glands. Once an infected mosquito bites a human, the virus incubates for between two and fourteen days. There are other ways, although extremely uncommon, that West Nile can be transmitted. They are: organ transplant, blood transfusion, mother to unborn child, breast-feeding, and laboratory acquisition (Mayo Clinic Staff). The mosquito is a vector of many different diseases, the most common being malaria, dengue fever, and West Nile virus. Many people over the years have tried to eradicate the tiny insect in an effort to prevent disease. Today a solution is needed for the growing mosquito problem across the globe that has not only killed millions in Africa, but is beginning to claim lives in the Northern Hemisphere, including lives in the United States. If steps are not taken to address this problem, tens of millions of people will fall victim to the diseases carried by this tiny insect benign in appearance. The mosquito may seem nonthreatening, and the bite an annoyance, but the itchy welt may spell out disaster for humans in every country of the world.

Fast Food vs Organic Essay

Have you ever sat and back and wondered why there are so many obese people in the U. S.? You would think that with all of the buzz about organic foods that we have available, that we would slowly be getting better with our weight as a country. Unfortunately the reality of the situation is organic food are expensive and with the way the economy is today many people are working on a budget and simply cannot afford to splurge on the organic items. So now that we know that lets look at the second half of that equation, Fast Food! Now as much as people criticize the fast food industry it’s convenient and like the name says fast. Now days most people do not want to come home after a long, hard day of work and slave over the stove to cook a hot meal for their family. However what they don’t realize is how much that food is poisoning us. Take McDonalds for example, it has been brought to the public’s attention just what goes on when they are making their food. The food looks like food that you would make in your kitchen, but it is actually manufactured. French fries use to be made by potatoes peeled in the back room and cut into strips. Today they are made in large factories, frozen and processed. Some of the ingredients are very fatty. Even though they have said that they â€Å"were† injecting the chicken nuggets with a pink dye, people are still running to the franchise for their food. I am not judging anyone by any means just stating my observations. Now if you think about it most families probably spend about $100 a week on fast food. Why would so people spend so much money on fast food you ask? Its simple it’s easy, and it’s convenient and inexpensive. Compared to other foods it’s something that working people and ordinary people can go out and enjoy. The design of a fast food restaurant is very well thought out. We form our eating habits as children so they try to nurture clients as youngsters. It’s very important that the fast food companies make sure that their fast food meals for children are healthier. In contrast the benefits of eating organic foods are great and if you can afford them should definitely take advantage of them. The are good for both the earth and the environment. The animals are living stress-free, free-grazing on the land and not being manufactured in deplorable living conditions. Organic farmers use less energy, less water resources, and NO pesticides. Organic farmers’ soil stays rich in content, moisture and nutrients due to careful management of land and using only natural organic matter to grow their crops. When industrialized agriculture arrives in farming communities, many farmers are forced out of business. Each month dozens of new pesticides, show up in local supermarkets and stores. Because they are advertised heavily are purchased and used and thus the destruction of the earth continues slow and steady. Organic farmers, live cleanly. Free of pesticides and toxins.

Annotated Bibliography: Illegal Immigration Essay

An illegal immigrant is a foreigner who has entered or resides in a country without the countries authorization. According to the C.I.A. â€Å"the nations immigrant population reached a record of 37.9 million in 2007 and nearly one in three immigrants is an illegal alien.†(Camarota) In 2000 there were reported 214 million immigrants in the world, â€Å"immigrants now make up 3.1 percent of the world population.† (Gonzalez and Nowicki) Normally illegal immigrants go overlooked in big economies, usually taking jobs that the citizens will not do. However when a recession hits the illegal immigrants will be looked down on and blamed for being the cause of unemployment rates and getting the citizens â€Å"rightfully owned† government money. The reason illegal immigration is sociologically significant is because there are many different viewpoints on it, some people think it helps and others think it only hinders. In some cases it can help the economy with low skilled workers taking jobs others would not normally want, but in other cases they can use government money, free education, and more. I chose these selections because I thought they would best help my research paper. Each journal displays some negative effect of illegal immigrants on the host country or a law relating to illegal immigrants and the affect that law has on the people. Some papers display good outcomes for the host country, but might not necessarily be good for the country in a real life situation. Chiswick, Barry R. â€Å"Illegal Immigration and Immigration Control† The Journal of Economic Perspectives 2 (1988): 101-115 Web. 6 April 2014 Barry R. Chiswick has published 394 papers, most of which have to do with economic standpoints. The main point of this paper is to show the economic impact of illegal immigration. according to Chiswick, â€Å"Illegal immigrants have an impact on the economic well-being of the legal resident population of the United States, both at the level of income and the distribution of income.† (106) The paper then goes on to state that â€Å"the increased immigration of low-skilled workers will lead to an increase in the marginal  productivity hence the wage rate of higher skilled workers.† (Chiswick 106) If so then the lower paid workers will continue to be paid the same and the higher skilled workers will start being paid more, thus leading to an economic struggle and more of a difference in power. At this point the conflict theory could set in and lower-class workers could have reason to rebel or go on strike. Chiswick then goes on to say â€Å"The immigration of low-skilled workers with their dependents may reduce the income of the native population† this meaning that every illegal immigrant that brings its family will potentially be lowering the average income of American citizens. This reference is of value to my research because it shows the negative effects of illegal immigration and what would happen if it continues to go on. It also shows how little immigrants get paid, and how the amount of money they make is so drastically little that it actually lowers the average American household income. Being paid so little these people would have to struggle just to get by and may turn to violence or taking multiple jobs away from U.S. citizens. Dula, Giora, Nava Kahana and Tikva Lecker â€Å"How to Partly Bounce Back the Struggle against Illegal Immigration to the Source Countries† Journal of Population Economics 19 (2006):315-325 Web 6 April 2014 Gloria Dula has published 20 papers, including 3 corrections and this her first on immigration. The main purpose of the paper was to propose new tactics in keeping illegal immigration down. According to the journal, by putting more funding into strengthening its own internal and border control and the foreign aid given to some countries you would be able to minimize illegal immigration. The authors think this tactic will work because â€Å"the negative impact on the well being of the majority of voters motivates rick countries to take measures against illegal immigration.† (Dula, Kahana, and Lecker 317) The paper also states that â€Å"there is little doubt that illegal immigration is a troublesome phenomenon for rich countries sense the illegal immigrants do not pay taxes, are often involved in clandestine activities and are unable to obtain jobs in which they may be noticed† (Dula, Kahana, and Lecker 316) Then it goes on to say â€Å"most illegal immigrants are primarily low-skilled workers,†(Dula, Kahana, and Lecker 316) if this is true then most Americans could have the jobs that these people come over seas for, showing that they are taking jobs that Americans can work. This  reference is of value to my research because it shows the negative effects of illegal immigration and then comes up with a solution to the problem. By putting more funding into boarder protection we would be able to lower the threat that illegal immigration causes. Garcà ­a, Angel Solano â€Å"Does Illegal Immigration Empower Rightist Parties?† Journal of Population Economics 19 (2006): 649-670 Web. 6 April 2014 Angel Solano Garcia has published 17 papers, all of which have related to economics or immigration. The main purpose of the paper is to show the political influence that illegal immigration has on elections in America. Illegal immigration has turned into a smuggling crime and gangs will take people over the border in exchange for money, most immigrants â€Å"are caught up with organized crime by these criminal gangs.† (Garcia 650) Garcia shows that â€Å"immigration is spontaneously accused of being a major source of insecurity,†(Garcia 650) which means that the candidate that speaks out against illegal immigration may have more influence on voters. Then by producing an equations Garcia seeks to prove himself right and says â€Å"In our model, we assume that there exists a positive relation between the number of illegal immigrants that enter the country and the natives’ perception of the lack of security in the host country.† There could also be people that would feel like a candidate that did not like funding boarder control would be a better choice seeing how the U.S. government has been â€Å"raising the enforcement budget of the U.S. boarder control from US$290 million in 1980 to US$1.7 billion in 1995.†(Garcia 651) This reference is of value to my research because it shows a lot of negative effects on the U.S. due to immigration such as gang violence, government spending, and citizen insecurity. It also shows how illegal immigration can be used as a political advantage either by talking for or against it because of its sociological importance to people. Hall, Anthony. â€Å"Illegal immigration and medical confidentiality†The British Medical Journal, 280 (1980): 569-570. Web. 7 April 2014. Anthony Hall has had 903 papers published, all having to do with medicine or  in the medical field. The authors stand point is against illegal immigration proving so when he uses many different negative effects to prove his point that illegal immigrants that enter the UK with means of getting medical attention should be deported and notified to the Home Office. The main purpose of this journal was to elaborate on what happens to illegal immigrants when needing medical attention. illegal immigration does not only effect America but also other countries as well, for England, â€Å"under the immigration act of 1971 illegal immigration and overstaying are criminal offences.† (Hall 569) This paper also shows the amount of crime illegal immigrants has brought to the U.K. with Hall stating â€Å"terrorists have entered the UK illegally and committed murder. There may be 50,000 illegal immigrants from Iran; some have brought in heroin, and the proportion of Iranian heroin in the UK has greatly increased.†(Hall 570) This is similar to the drugs being brought in along with gang violence from Mexico into America as stated by Angel Solano Garcia. This reference is of value to my research because it shows how all developed countries do not want illegal immigrants â€Å"in order to reduce crime, disease, and government spending†(Hall 570) Showing how all countries are affected by these three things when it has an abundance of illegal immigrants. Even though Hall states that â€Å"most countries, both rich and poor, have much stricter immigration law than does the UK,† other countries still experience the same harsh effects of illegal immigration Jacobs, Michael â€Å"Immigration Controls and Racism† Economic and Political Weekly 20 (1985): 1075-1076 Web. 8 April 2014 Michael Jacobs has published 1,810 papers most on the economy and environment. The author is for letting illegal immigrants stay because of his views on marriage and family.The main idea of the journal is to show how people discriminate against women when it comes to immigration and grace policies. Jacobs states that â€Å"a recent report by the Commission for Racial Equality declared that the immigration rules were racist in operation†(1075) because in most cases if an illegal immigrant couple enters America and has a child, the father will be deported where the mother will be able to stay so that she can raise the child. This means that there is a  lot of racism going on when dealing with illegal aliens. There is also immigration issues when dealing with marriage, an illegal immigrant may try to gain citizenship by marrying a citizen of the country. This means that people are starting to have to go through tests to make sure that they are not getting married just for the purpose of citizenship. However â€Å"the UK immigrants Advisory Service has already begun proceedings against this rule in the European court, on grounds of both racial discrimination an its attack on the right to marry according to choice and to live in the country of citizenship†. (Jacobs 1075) There is much controversy over the issue but the one thing that is certain is that an extreme amount of racism and sexism is being used when dealing with these people. This reference is of value to my research because it shows how even though we might be trying to get non-citizens out of the country, we will never be able to do it properly until we are able to put aside the sexism. Palivos ,Theodore â€Å"Welfare Effects of Illegal Immigration† Journal of Population Economics 22 (2009):131-144 Web. 3 April 2014 Theodore Palivos has published 78 papers, most of which are about economical matters. The main purpose of the article is to show how illegal immigration is good for the host country by contributing to said countries economic growth and increasing their holdings of capital. By coming up with two equations that analyzed heterogeneous labor, wage, unemployment, and labor force to show that illegal immigration raises the welfare of domestic citizens . He also brings in many factors such as that there is less governmental control for such low paying factories so profit can grow more, and that the people working in these conditions do not strive for more because they cannot get a better job in their country. This reference is of value to my research because by showing that the effects of having no illegal immigrants would significantly open up more jobs, even though there would be a negative outcome, it would still give opportunities for pay to more American citizens. If the work he had done represented a country that had no minimum wage then his findings would have been conflicting with my paper, however because the U.S. does have minimum wage it reverses all of the results because it leads to the conflict theory where there is â€Å"job  competition between domestic unskilled workers and immigrants.† (Palivos 132) Robison, W. G. â€Å"Illegal Immigrants in Canada: Recent Developments† International Migraton Review18 (1984): 474-485 Web. 7 April 2014 W. G. Robinson has published 197 paper, most about medicine. The main point of the journal is to inform about the immigration policies in Canada and how they have changed over time. According to Robison â€Å"Immigration policies and their management in a country like Canada have long been an interesting and instructive study for other countries,†(474) this could be because of its strange boarders and â€Å"rapid legislative and administrative responses to problems†.(Robinson 474) Robinson states thatIn order to make Canada’s boarders harder to get across â€Å"immigration authorities in Canada have undertaken a number of test programs aimed at improving border control,† (482) â€Å"extended use of the visitors visa,†(482) and if a persons visa is not accepted â€Å"there is effective control without the cost of transportation to the visitor who is turned back at entry.†(482) All of these things contributed to the drastic drop in illegal immigrants in Canada, because people with a work visa were able to stay in the country longer they were not considered illegal anymore. The people that did not get accepted for a visa were turned away and deported, expenses paid by Canada. This reference is of value to my research because it shows an effective way to get rid of unwanted illegal immigrants that may be used by other countries. This also gives incite on the affects of illegal aliens in other countries, by showing yet another country that is affected that is not America. â€Å"Unenforced Boundaries: illegal immigration and the limits of judicial federalism† Harvard Law Review, 1081995 (1995):1643-1660 Web. 7 April 2012 The Harvard law review is a journal that publishes eight regular annual issues of various legal articles by professors, judges, practitioners, and students. The purpose of this article is to show how the federal government is ultimately in charge of what happens to illegal immigrants and not the state. In California proposition 187 was approved in 1994 was designed â€Å"to  make illegal aliens ineligible for most state and local government-provided social services, health care, and education.† (1643) but then the paper goes on to state that â€Å"a state has no power to prevent unlawful immigration, and no power to deport illegal aliens†¦ if the federal government, properly chargeable with deporting illegal aliens, fails to do so, it should bear the burdens of their presence here.†(1643) This means that even though they approved proposition 187, they have no power to get the illegal aliens out of the state so they would wind up having to pay for these people any way. Thus the proposition would have no effect because of things such as the 14th amendment that requires states to provide public education to illegal-immigrant children on an equal basis with other children. It is also hard to document the costs of illegal immigrants because they are â€Å"by definition, undocumented.† (1645) This reference is of value to my research because it shows that unless the government helps take action, the states affected by illegal immigrants will be stuck having to pay unnecessary taxes and fees for people that are not citizens. If the government were to enforce more laws on illegal immigration then we would have more money to spend on schooling and towns all over America, this can also apply to other countries in the sense that they would have more state funding if the government spending went up for boarder control and illegal immigrant deportation. Works Cited: Camarota, Steven. â€Å"Immigrants in the United States, 2007† Center for Immigration. CIA, 2007. Web. 3 April 2014 Chiswick, Barry R. â€Å"Illegal Immigration and Immigration Control† The Journal of Economic Perspectives 2 (1988): 101-115 Web. 6 April 2014 Dula, Giora, Nava Kahana and Tikva Lecker â€Å"How to Partly Bounce Back the Struggle against Illegal Immigration to the Source Countries† Journal of Population Economics 19 (2006):315-325 Web 6 April 2014 Garcà ­a, Angel Solano â€Å"Does Illegal Immigration Empower Rightist Parties?† Journal of Population Economics 19 (2006): 649-670 Web. 6 April 2014 Gonzalez, Daniel and Dan Nowicki. â€Å"Governments across globe struggling with immigration† AZcentral. AZcentral, n.d.Web. 3 April 2014 Hall, Anthony. â€Å"Illegal immigration and medical confidentiality† The British Medical Journal, 280 (1980): 569-570. Web. 7 April 2014. Jacobs, Michael â€Å"Immigration Controls and Racism† Economic and Political Weekly 20 (1985): 1075-1076 Web. 8 April 2014 Palivos, Theodore â€Å"Welfare Effects of Illegal Immigration† Journal of Population Economics 22 (2009):131-144 Web 3 April 2014 Robison, W. G. â€Å"Illegal Immigrants in Canada: Recent Developments† International Migraton Review18 (1984): 474-485 Web. 7 April 2014 â€Å"Unenforced Boundaries: illegal immigration and the limits of judicial federalism† Harvard Law Review, 1081995 (1995):1643-1660 Web. 7 April 2014

Struggles of Immigrants Essay - 1158 Words

Randall and Morales: Struggles of Immigrants America has long been the land of hopes and dreams People from all over the world came to America for a better life. America was underpopulated. For the country to build and develop, she needed more people, therefore the government passed Act 1802, which invited people to come here and become citizens (Welcome). The native people of the country welcomed everybody to come live and become citizens here. They also claimed that they would respect and appreciate human rights and would not discriminate against people of other nations. Randall and Morales describe the efforts and struggles of immigrants who came to the United States and tried to become her citizens, a thing that in reality is very†¦show more content†¦Before the publication of his book, â€Å"Litany of Friends† in 1981, Randall suffered from deep suicide depression, during which he created some of his most original poetry (Randall). Dudley Randall died on August 5 , 2000 (Randall). Dudley’s poem â€Å"The Melting Pot† (1968) tells about the immigrants problem of identity. The poem speaks about the discrimination experienced by those immigrants. Each of the stanzas consists of four lines (quatrain), except the third and the fourth, which are couplets, and they have rhymes at the end of several lines (Welcome). For the writer this rhyming sound is necessary, that is why in the first stanza he writes â€Å"girl or man,† which usually would be girl and boy, or woman and man, to make it rhyme with the word â€Å"American† (Welcome). There is a magic melting pot (Barnet) where any girl or man (Barnet) can step in Czech or Greek or Scot, (Barnet) step out American (Barnet). Randall uses a cynical tone to describe America. He calls it a â€Å"magic melting pot† because America consists of people from many different nationalities that melt into one new nation. Randall insinuates the country forces the immigrants to leave their identities behind and change it to something new that is more â€Å"American.† The second stanza implies people have to change their name and evenShow MoreRelatedThe Struggle of Immigrants in America900 Words   |  4 Pages The Struggle of Immigrants in America The U.S has a prolonged history of discrimination. In the late 17th century, when America declared as a free country, only the white gentility had the privileged of â€Å"freedom† and African American continue their life as slaves for many decades. As the country grows, it became a dream land, a refuge for immigrations fled from their country to seek freedom and pursuit happiness. However, the gene of discriminations stuck deeply in the mind of the early foundingRead MoreThe Immigrants And Their Struggles Faced By American Immigrants Essay2143 Words   |  9 Pagesfocus primarily on the immigrants and their struggles faced in America. 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A abundant concern that Citizens commonly argue on how illegal immigrants benefit from public schools, hospitals and welfares, not to mention they do not pay taxes. Another issue commonly dispute about how illegal immigrants overtake citizens jobs. Countless of attemptsRead MoreStruggles of Immigrants and Native Americans1095 Words   |  4 PagesThe immigrants were not welcomed in California. On the contrary, they faced a lot of anti-immigrant sentiments since the time when they first came to the state. Migrants were easy to discriminate against as they did not look, dress, speak or act like the Anglos and because they held on to their unique culture. In that era, the immigrants expected to become assimilated and also become part of the â€Å"great American melting pot† (San Francisco Real Estate Circular). Just like today’s anti-immigrant feelingsRead MoreThe Struggles of Immigrant Women in the Early Twentieth Century 873 Words   |  4 Pagesof their homelands, such as the revolution in Mexico after 1911. Whatever the case, many found it difficult to begin again in a new country. Most immigrants lived in slums with very poor living conditions. They had a hard time finding work that paid enough to support a family. Not only was it difficult for immigrant men, but for women as well. Immigrant women faced many challenges including lack of education and social life as well as low wages and poor working conditions. When families immigratedRead MoreAn Essay About The Immigrants Struggle Of A New World1472 Words   |  6 PagesLuke Zrostlik English 2326.01 Dr. Neely October 27 2015 An Immigrants Struggle in a New World The United States of America is in its entirety a giant melting pot of people, culture, and beliefs. It is an interesting place to live in and is very different from most other countries. The United States is so vast and so diverse that people from the same country cannot even relate to each other. It is divided into 50 states each having their own borders, which makes the United States unique. Read MoreThe Struggles Of Immigrant Students And The Children Of Immigrants Face When It Come Into The Education System1285 Words   |  6 PagesAn issue that has become very important to me is that of fair education, specifically, in regards to ELL programs (English language learners) . This issue is very important to me because I’ve seen the struggles that immigrant students/the children of immigrants face when it come to the education system. During my early school years, I grew up in a predominantly hispanic neighborhood in East Harlem, therefore the schools in the surroundi ng neighborhoods had many native Spanish speakers. I didn’t encounterRead MoreAn Immigrants Silent Struggle By Robert Kosi Tettes Analysis745 Words   |  3 Pagesbring out the best I can be and be dependent on myself. In Robert Kosi Tettes article, An Immigrants Silent Struggle, he expresses the grief he feels within him, to show that in the United States is not a bed of roses. I do not think Tettes essay would be a good one for the native born American to read. In his memorable article, Tette describes the effects of living in the United States as an ambivalent immigrant. He observes how the dreams of so many African youths have been shattered as a result of